Old and New Architecture in Vienna, Austria

Vienna, Austria, by the Danube River, has a mixture of architecture representing many periods and styles, ranging from elaborate Baroque-era monuments to a 20th century rejection of high ornamentation.  The history of Vienna, or  Wien as its called, is as rich and complicated as the architecture that portrays it. The city doors are open to celebrate architecture — and anytime is a great time to visit. Being centrally located in Europe, the area was settled early on by both the Celts and then the Romans. It has been the capital of the Holy Roman Empire and the  Austro-Hungarian Empire. Vienna has been invaded both by marauding armies and medieval plagues. During the Second World War, it ceased to exist completely as it was enveloped by Nazi Germany. Yet today we still think of Vienna as the home of the Strauss waltz and the Freudian dream. The influence of Wiener Moderne or Vienna Modern architecture on the rest of the world was as profound as any other movement in history. Visiting Vienna Perhaps the most iconic structure in all of Vienna is the Gothic St. Stephans Cathedral. First begun as a Romanesque cathedral, its construction throughout the ages displays the influences of the day, from Gothic to Baroque all the way up to its patterned tile roof. Wealthy aristocratic families like the Liechtensteins may have first brought the ornate Baroque style of architecture (1600-1830) to Vienna. Their private summer home, the Garden Palais Liechtenstein from 1709, combines Italian villa-like details on the outside with ornate Baroque interiors. It is open to the public as an art museum. The Belvedere is another Baroque palace complex from this time period, the early 1700s. Designed by Italian-born architect Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt (1668-1745), Belvedere Palace and Gardens is popular eye-candy for the Danube River cruise-taker. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor from 1711 to 1740, is perhaps responsible for bringing Baroque architecture to the ruling class of Vienna. At the height of the Black Plague pandemic, he vowed to build a church to St. Charles Borromeo if the plague would leave his city. It did, and the magnificent Karlskirche (1737) was first designed by Baroque master architect Johann Bernard Fischer von Erlach.  Baroque architecture reigned during the time of Charles daughter, Empress Maria Theresa (1740-80), and her son Joseph II (1780-90). Architect Fischer von Erlach also designed and rebuilt a country hunting cottage into a summer royal getaway, the Baroque Schà ¶nbrunn Palace. Viennas Imperial Winter Palace remained The Hofburg. By the mid-1800s, the former city walls and military enforcements that protected the city center were demolished. In their place, Emperor Franz Joseph I launched a massive urban renewal, creating what has been called the most beautiful boulevard in the world, the Ringstrasse. Ring Boulevard is lined with over three miles of monumental, historically-inspired neo-Gothic and neo-Baroque buildings. The term Ringstrassenstil is sometimes used to describe this mix of styles. The Museum of Fine Arts and the Renaissance Revival Vienna Opera House (Wiener Staatsoper) were constructed during this time.  Burgtheater, Europes second-oldest theater, was first housed in Hofburg Palace before this new theater was built in 1888. Modern Vienna The Viennese Secession movement at the turn of the 20th century launched a revolutionary spirit in architecture. Architect Otto Wagner (1841-1918) combined traditional styles and Art Nouveau influences. Later, architect Adolf Loos (1870-1933) established the stark, minimalist style we see at The Goldman and Salatsch Building. Eyebrows raised when Loos built this modern structure across from the Imperial Palace in Vienna. The year was 1909, and the Looshaus marked an important transition in the world of architecture. Yet, the buildings of Otto Wagner may have influenced this modernist movement. Some have called Otto Koloman Wagner the Father of Modern Architecture. For certain, this influential Austrian helped move Vienna from Jugendstil (Art Nouveau) into 20th-century architectural practicality. Wagners influence on the architecture of Vienna is felt everywhere in that city, as noted by Adolf Loos himself, who in 1911 is said to have called Wagner the greatest architect in the world. Born on July 13, 1841 in Penzig near Vienna, Otto Wagner was educated at the Polytechnic Institute in Vienna and Kà ¶nigliche Bauakademie in Berlin, Germany. He then went back to Vienna in 1860 to study at the Akademie der bildenden Kà ¼nste (Academy of Fine Arts), graduating in 1863. He was trained in the Neoclassical fine art style that was ultimately rejected by the Secessionists. Otto Wagners architecture in Vienna is stunning. The distinctive tiled facade of the Majolika Haus makes this 1899 apartment building desired property even today. The Karlsplatz Stadtbahn rail station that once  inked urban Vienna with its growing suburbs in 1900 is so revered an example of beautiful  Art Nouveau architecture that it was moved piece by piece to a safer venue when the railroad upgraded. Wagner ushered in modernism with the Austrian Postal Savings Bank (1903-1912) — the Banking Hall of the Ãâ€"sterreichische Postsparkasse also brought the modern banking function of paper transactions to Vienna. The architect returned to Art Nouveau with the 1907 Kirche am Steinhof or Church of St. Leopold at Steinhof Asylum, a beautiful church designed especially for the mentally ill. Wagners own villas in  Hà ¼tteldorf, Vienna best express his transformation from his neoclassical training to Jugendstil. Why is Otto Wagner Important? Art Nouveau in Vienna, a new art known as Jugendstil.Vienna Secession, founded in 1897 by a union of Austrian artists, Wagner was not a founder but is associated with the movement. The Secession was based on the belief that art and architecture should be of its own time and not a revival or imitation of historic forms such as Classical, Gothic, or Renaissance. On the Secession exhibition hall in Vienna are these German words: der zeit ihre kunst (to every age its art) and der kunst ihre freiheit (to art its freedom).Vienna Moderne, a transitional time in European architecture. The Industrial Revolution was offering new construction materials and processes, and, like architects of the Chicago School, a group of artists and architects in Vienna were finding their way to what we consider Modernity. Architecture critic Ada Louise Huxtable has described it as a time full of genius and contradiction, characterized by a kind of bipolar architecture of simple, geometric designs adorned with fanciful Jugendstil ornamentation.Moderne Architektur, Wagners 1896 book on modern architecture continues to be studied.Urban Planning and Iconic Architecture in Vienna:   The Steinhof Church and the Majolikahaus are even pictured on coffee mugs available to purchase as souvenirs. Otto Wagner, Creating Iconic Architecture for Vienna The same year Louis Sullivan was suggesting a form follows function in American skyscraper design, Otto Wagner was describing aspects of modern architecture in Vienna in his translated declaration that something impractical cannot be beautiful. His most important writing is perhaps the 1896 Moderne Architektur, in which he asserts the case for Modern Architecture: A certain practical element with which man is imbued today simply cannot be ignored, and ultimately every artist will have to agree with the following proposition: Something impractical cannot be beautiful. — Composition, p. 82 All modern creations must correspond to the new materials and demands of the present if they are to suit modern man. — Style, p. 78 Things that have their source in modern views correspond perfectly to our appearance....things copied and imitated from old models never do....A man in a modern traveling suit, for example, fits in very well with the waiting room of a train station, with sleeping cars, with all our vehicles; yet would we not stare if we were to see someone dressed in clothing from the Louis XV period using such things? — Style, p. 77 The room that we inhabit should be as simple as our clothing....Sufficient light, a pleasant temperature, and clean air in rooms are very just demands of man....If architecture is not rooted in life, in the needs of contemporary man...it will just cease to be an art. — The Practice of Art, pp. 118, 119, 122 Composition also entails artistic economy. By this I mean a moderation in the use and treatment of forms handed down to us or newly created that corresponds to modern ideas and extends to everything possible. This is especially true for those forms that are considered high expressions of artistic feeling and monumental exaltation, such as domes, towers, quadrigae, columns, etc. Such forms, in any case, should be used only with absolute justification and sparingly, since their overuse always produces the opposite effect. If the work being created is to be a true reflection of our time, the simple, the practical, the — one might almost say — military approach must be fully and completely expressed, and for this reason alone everything extravagant must be avoided. — Composition, p. 84 Todays Vienna Todays Vienna is a showplace of architectural innovation. Twentieth-century buildings include  Hundertwasser-Haus, a brilliantly colored, unusually shaped building by Friedensreich Hundertwasser, and a controversial glass and steel structure, the 1990 Haas Haus by Pritzker Laureate Hans Hollein. Another Pritzker architect took the lead converting the century-old and historically protected industrial buildings of Vienna into what today is known as  Jean Nouvel Buildings Gasometers Vienna  Ã¢â‚¬â€ a massive urban complex with offices and shops that became adaptive reuse on a grand scale. In addition to the Gasometer project, Pritzker Laureate Jean Nouvel has designed housing units in Vienna, as have the Pritzker winners Herzog and de Meuron on Pilotengasse.  And that apartment house on the Spittelauer Là ¤nde? Another Pritzker Laureate, Zaha Hadid. Vienna continues to make architecture in a big way, and they want you to know that Vienna’s architecture scene is thriving. Sources The Dictionary of Art Vol. 32, Grove, Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 760-763Vienna Moderne (November 26, 1978), Architecture, Anyone? by Ada Louise Huxtable, University of California Press, 1986, p. 100Modern Architecture by Otto Wagner, A Guidebook for His Students to This Field of Art, edited and translated by Harry Francis Mallgrave, The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities, 1988 (translated from the 1902 third edition)

Digital Convergence Of Television Industry - 1387 Words

1. Digital convergence in television industry Many years ago, people gathered around the TV-sets and later on families together with friends met up and watched their favourite shows. Nowadays, due to the availability of low-priced technology as well as various channels and programmes, people lock themselves in a private space watching TV. (Harboe cited in Nicole C.Stephan W.Brenda B.Christine G. 2015). As a result, people have multiple preferences in TV programmes but nowhere to express their opinions. â€Å"One-way† communication in television industry is facing a big challenge. Web 2.0 comes out and provides a revolutionary opportunity for television industry, after that, social television is born at the right moment. Social TV is a new way people watch TV. When they watch TV, they comment on social network sites. People discard the way of facing TV screen individually, and from the social TV, participants will feel deep sense of involvement in exchanging opinions with others (Margherita P. Alessandra M. 2011). This article will mainly discuss the convergence of TV programme and social website, revenue model as well as cultural production and consumption. Take TV programme Dad Where We Go for example. 2. Case study: Dad Where We Go 2.1 Structure of TV programme and Weibo2 interaction At first Dad Where We Go broadcast on TV, and audiences know the real condition of the show. Then the official Weibo post relevant content on website, with the Weibo effect andShow MoreRelatedHum 176 Wk 2 Media Convergence Worksheet1041 Words   |  5 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material Media Convergence Worksheet Write brief 250- to 300-word answers to each of the following: Questions Answers What is meant by the term media convergence with regard to technology, and how has it affected everyday life? The term media convergence with regards to technology is defined as a process of combining together the telecommunications and computers and turning them into one electronic or digital form. The media convergence has affected our everyday life asRead MoreCriticism Of Media Convergence1031 Words   |  5 PagesMedia convergence in the digital era constructs a global ‘flat earth’, allowing for interaction of old and new mediums across various media platforms. Technology has become an increasingly dominant means of communication as it allows for information to be stored and shared across great distances. Flew (2005) suggests that this globalisation permissible through digital and online communication has effected cultural change. Individuals can communicate from any part of the world, irrespective of physicalRead MoreThe Cycle: the Relationship Between Convergenc e and Fragmentation in Media.2320 Words   |  10 Pagesfragmentation and convergence is now more interrelated than before. 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In the conclusion it considers convergence and hybridityRead MoreTelevision, A Modern Media Essay1251 Words   |  6 PagesTelevision, a telecommunication medium some may not survive without. Today’s generation may refer to television as a technological norm; delusional of a world where television was non-existent. Notably, television unites the nation through local or world events, politics, education, and entertainment. Philo Farnsworth, â€Å"Father of Television,† invented the television; the electronic transmission of fixed or mobile images. Furthermore, F arnsworth’s invention influenced a new form of media. Young Farnsworth’sRead MoreThe Effects Of Digital Media On Society s Media1714 Words   |  7 Pagesmediated culture, where mass media have direct effects on our society. Newspapers, magazines, radios, and televisions constantly give out messages to promote products, attitudes, and ideas in an attempt to influence audiences. 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ConvergenceRead MoreCorrelation Between Mass Media And Digital Media Essay1890 Words   |  8 PagesConvergence is a term used by various disciplines to ‘describe and analyse processes of change toward uniformity or union’ (p. 1) as said by Latzer (2013). In relation to mass communication, media convergence incorporates insights and methods to describe, characterises and understanding of digital media (Latzer, 2013). Convergence adequately describes the relationship between mass media and digital media. Mass media refers to ability to communicate openly and internationally to many receivers withinRead MoreWhat Is Digital Media Convergence1467 Words   |  6 Pagesgoing to have an in-depth look at the question â€Å"what is digital media convergence†, not just a simple answer of what it is because the question may seem simple but in digital media convergence there are several underlying convergences which make up the whole idea, in this essay I am going to try a nd cover what these are and what effects technologically, socially and culturally they are having on us. First of what is Digital media convergence? It can be simplified as several processes, these are technologicalRead MoreA Brief History of the Film Industry1268 Words   |  5 PagesFilm industry is a group of factors that lead to moviemaking. The first idea of film was a picture, moreover pictures that moving in a certain way to look like a movie. The French Lumiere Brothers are the first hand of making the new modern film industry. In the beginning the films were with no technology, its lack of sound and colors, and it’s only for seconds. Then in the beginning of 1900c the narratives came to the movies and it developed to be recorded onto plastic film and shown by a movie

Martin Luther King Qualities - 1327 Words

Intelligent and his incredible actions made Martin Luther King to become a great leader in civil rights movement. Martin Luther King was a social activist and Baptist minister who led the civil rights movement from the mid-1950s to 1960s. According to the website called Martin Luther King Jr.-Biography, Martin Luther king was graduated from high school when he was fifteen. After getting his B. A. Degree from Morehouse, the B. D. from Crozer and then he got his doctor’s degree from Boston University. This shows that Martin Luther King was an intelligent guy who graduated school early then normal people. This makes Martin Luther King to great leader because first things that you need to be a great leader is intelligent mind. This is†¦show more content†¦That is why Martin Luther King led the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Therefore, Martin Luther King’s intelligent mind and his first action made him the great leader. Malcolm X’s poor childhood and his brother inf luence him to become the leader of civil rights movement. Malcolm X was a minister and human rights activist who spokesman for the Nation of Islam during the 1950s and 1960s. According to the website called An Abridged Biography of Malcolm X, â€Å" his father, Earl Little, was an outspoken Baptist minister and avid supporter of Black Nationalist leader Marcus Garvey.† One day, Earl was kidnapped by white organization when Malcolm X was very young, and two years later, Earl’s body was found. Police said that it was accident, but Malcolm X’s mother were certain that it was not accident, and she knew that member of the Black Legion were responsible for this action. After few years later, Malcolm X went to jail. Then his brother visited him in jail and he explained Malcolm X about Islam religion and organization called the Nation of Islam (NOI). According to the website called An Abridged Biography of Malcolm X, â€Å"the Nation of Islam fought for separate one in habited by white people.† After Malcolm X’s brother told him about it, he started study about it, and he realized that black people need to separate from white people because white people destroyed his life. That is why he became a leader and fought for civil rights. The database calledShow MoreRelatedDr. Martin Luther King Jr.1410 Words   |  6 PagesDr. Martin Luther King Jr. is a well noted American leader, who is known primarily for his role in the African-American civil rights movement of the 20th century in USA. He is often regarded as a champion of human rights and considered to be not only associated with the cause of racial discrimination against the African-Americans, but also with other social causes relating to injustice, unfairness and discrimination in the American society. 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Information And Communication Technologies ( Ict )

Introduction Information is a key factor that plays a large role in the day-to-day activities within the health care sector. It is generated and processed by health care providers, such as physicians, nurses and hospitals as they provide care to their patients. However, managing that information and using it productively poses an ongoing challenge. It is especially challenging in the complexity of the U.S. health care sector, with its many different types of providers, services and settings for care (Congressional Budget Office, 2008). Information and communication Technologies (ICT) has the potential to greatly increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the health sector by assisting healthcare providers with managing information. It also has the potential to lead to better cost-efficiency in the health sector. ICT can play a critical role in improving health care for individuals and communities. It can also transform informal regulation by providing people with the knowledge they require to challenge existing practices and make more rational health care choices (Adeboyejo and Olatokun, 2009). Patients are empowered to take more responsibility for their health and quality of life through the use of health ICT. Health ICT allows the collaboration and involvement of patients and healthcare providers in the prevention and treatment of common illnesses. Through the development of databases and other applications, health ICT provides new and more efficient ways of accessing,Show MoreRelatedInformation And Communications Technologies ( Ict )1576 Words   |  7 PagesGreyling, 2014). 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It is especially challenging in the complexity of the U.S. health care sector, with its many different types of providers, services and settings for careRead MoreIct : Information And Communication Technologies1350 Words   |  6 PagesICT stands for Information and Communication technologies; it is a notation used to summaries technologies, which consist of devices to collect, store, edit and transfer information in various forms. I am writing this report to inform the importance of ICT in different sectors; such as education, health and banking. In addition to this, I would like to inform about the development of technology over the years. I am going to carry out this research through the use of online sources and textbooks.Read MoreInformation And Communications Technologies ( Icts )1508 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract: To date the ICT industry could be seen as one of the top sectors in the country for graduate women employment in terms of creating high quality jobs it can enforce the strength empowering the rural women in deed. As caregivers, communicators and providers women play a major role in the society. Information Communications Technologies (ICTs) help to co-ordinate some aspects of rural women’s life in developing states. As the women education rate job participation is growing graduallyRead MoreInformation And Communications Technologies : Ict1354 Words   |  6 PagesINFORMATION AND COM MUNICATION TECHNLOGY Introduction: - Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) education is basically our society’s efforts to teach its current and emerging citizens valuable knowledge and skills around computing and communications devices, software that operates them, applications that run on them and systems that are built with them.   Dimensions of ICT: - There are many important dimensions to ICT education, including: Analyze and apply appropriate academic standardsRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Ict )1771 Words   |  8 Pagesto Syed (2009) Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) permeates through every business set-up. He further states that ICTs are influencing production, work and business methods and trade and consumption patterns in and between enterprises and consumers. Denni (1996) cited by Syed(2009) stress that every business must bring ICT into their business operation and take advantage of the benefits they offer. The emergence of and advances in information communications technology offers opportunitiesRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Icts )909 Words   |  4 Pagesservice periodically and staff training on operation system. 3.5.5 The Significance of Technology Applications to Nursing Care. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) used in the health sector have well-known advantages. They can promote patient-centered healthcare, improve quality of care, and educate health professionals and patients. However, implementation of ICTs is new development in technology it remains difficult and involves changes at different levels: patients, healthcare providersRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Ict ) Essay2236 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction In this era of technology, there is a general agreement that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have been contributing to improve qualities of life, as well as economical growth as a whole. Businesses and economic sectors are relying on technological advancements that facilitate them to establish an integrated value chain. Using these advancements strategically and appropriately can also enhance productivity and improved competitiveness. Likewise, governments and globalRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Ict )1433 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Globalization and rapid improvements in information and communication technologies (ICT) have resulted in a closely integrated global labour and capital market (UNCTAD, 2004) where firms have greater access to human capital scattered around the globe† (Lewin, 2005 and Volberda, 2006). Due this the firms have started offshoring their business to different countries as an effective strategic practice so as to increase their profits. Offshoring can be done in two ways i.e by setting up a partnershipRead MoreInformation Communication Technology ( Ict )1115 Words   |  5 PagesInformation communication technology (ICT) continues to play a major role in business especially in electronic commerce or e-commerce. E-commerce is the financial business that is conducted in an electronic network and mainly the internet. Through e-commerce, consumers are allowed to make purchases from both businesses as well as other consumers where payments are made through various options. For information system to flourish there is a need to have the necessary infrastructure and the requisite Information And Communication Technologies ( Ict ) â€Å"Globalization and rapid improvements in information and communication technologies (ICT) have resulted in a closely integrated global labour and capital market (UNCTAD, 2004) where firms have greater access to human capital scattered around the globe† (Lewin, 2005 and Volberda, 2006). Due this the firms have started offshoring their business to different countries as an effective strategic practice so as to increase their profits. Offshoring can be done in two ways i.e by setting up a partnership with an existing company in the country or by setting up their base. Creating value through outsourcing has emerged as an important strategy for firms the services sector in the knowledge based global economy. In spite of the growing significance of outsourcing, we have limited knowledge of offshoring and outsourcing to emerging markets that are moving up from providing low†end services to high†end services (Javalgi et al., 2009). â€Å"Increasingly, standardized IT and business processes as well as high-valued-added activities, for instance engineering, RD and product design, are being offshored† (Lieberman, 2004 and UNCTAD, 2005). â€Å"Emerging markets such as South Korea, Malaysia, India, China, Russia, and Brazil continue to lead in the outsourcing of knowledge†based services† (Radhakrishnan, 2007). This leads to a fight to sustain this advantage over other countries from possible offshoring. Offshoring business models may take many forms including the following i.e Captive offshoring,Show MoreRelatedInformation And Communications Technologies ( Ict )1576 Words   |  7 PagesGreyling, 2014). Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) education is our society’s efforts to teach its current and emerging students valuable knowledge and skills around computing and communications devices, the software that operates them, the applications that run on them and the systems that are built with them (mpict, 2008). The industry of Information Technology (IT) which involves computers, software, networking and other IT infrastructures to help manage information is very importantRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Ict )820 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Information is a key factor that plays a large role in the day-to-day activities within the health care sector. It is generated and processed by healthcare providers, such as physicians, nurses and hospitals as they provide care to their patients. However, managing that information and using it productively poses an ongoing challenge. It is especially challenging in the complexity of the U.S. health care sector, with its many different types of providers, services and settings for careRead MoreIct : Information And Communication Technologies1350 Words   |  6 PagesICT stands for Information and Communication technologies; it is a notation used to summaries technologies, which consist of devices to collect, store, edit and transfer information in various forms. I am writing this report to inform the importance of ICT in different sectors; such as education, health and banking. In addition to this, I would like to inform about the development of technology over the years. I am going to carry out this research through the use of online sources and textbooks.Read MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Ict )1722 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Information is a key factor that plays a large role in the day-to-day activities within the health care sector. It is generated and processed by health care providers, such as physicians, nurses and hospitals as they provide care to their patients. However, managing that information and using it productively poses an ongoing challenge. It is especially challenging in the complexity of the U.S. health care sector, with its many different types of providers, services and settings for careRead MoreInformation And Communications Technologies ( Icts )1508 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract: To date the ICT industry could be seen as one of the top sectors in the country for graduate women employment in terms of creating high quality jobs it can enforce the strength empowering the rural women in deed. As caregivers, communicators and providers women play a major role in the society. Information Communications Technologies (ICTs) help to co-ordinate some aspects of rural women’s life in developing states. As the women education rate job participation is growing graduallyRead MoreInformation And Communications Technologies : Ict1354 Words   |  6 PagesINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNLOGY Introduction: - Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) education is basically our society’s efforts to teach its current and emerging citizens valuable knowledge and skills around computing and communications devices, software that operates them, applications that run on them and systems that are built with them.   Dimensions of ICT: - There are many important dimensions to ICT education, including: Analyze and apply appropriate academic standardsRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Ict )1771 Words   |  8 Pagesto Syed (2009) Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) permeates through every business set-up. He further states that ICTs are influencing production, work and business methods and trade and consumption patterns in and between enterprises and consumers. Denni (1996) cited by Syed(2009) stress that every business must bring ICT into their business operation and take advantage of the benefits they offer. The emergence of and advances in information communications technology offers opportunitiesRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Icts )909 Words   |  4 Pagesservice periodically and staff training on operation system. 3.5.5 The Significance of Technology Applications to Nursing Care. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) used in the health sector have well-known advantages. They can promote patient-centered healthcare, improve quality of care, and educate health professionals and patients. However, implementation of ICTs is new development in technology it remains difficult and involves changes at different levels: patients, healthcare providersRead MoreInformation And Communication Technologies ( Ict ) Essay2236 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction In this era of technology, there is a general agreement that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have been contributing to improve qualities of life, as well as economical growth as a whole. Businesses and economic sectors are relying on technological advancements that facilitate them to establish an integrated value chain. Using these advancements strategically and appropriately can also enhance productivity and improved competitiveness. Likewise, governments and globalRead MoreInformation Communication Technology ( Ict )1115 Words   |  5 PagesInformation communication technology (ICT) continues to play a major role in business especially in electronic commerce or e-commerce. E-commerce is the financial business that is conducted in an electronic network and mainly the internet. Through e-commerce, consumers are allowed to make purchases from both businesses as well as other consumers where payments are made through various options. For information system to flouri sh there is a need to have the necessary infrastructure and the requisite

Progressivism Essay Example For Students

Progressivism Essay Progressivism implies a philosophy that welcomes innovations and reforms in the political, economic, and social order. The Progressive movement, 1901 to 1917, was ultimately the triumph of conservatism rather than a victory for liberalism. In a general sense, the conservative goals of this period justified the Liberal reforms enacted by Progressive leaders. Deviating from the â€Å"traditional† definition of conservatism (a resistance to change and a disposition of hostility to innovations in the political, social, and economic order), the Conservatist triumph was in the sense that there was an effort to maintain basic social and economic relations vital to a capitalist society. The Progressive leaders essentially wanted to perpetuate Liberal reform in order to bring upon general conservatism. Expansion of the federal government’s powers, competition and economic distribution of wealth, and the social welfare of American citizens concerned the many leaders of this era. The business influence on politics was quitesignificant of the Progressive Era. Not only did the three leading Progressive political figures, Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson, bring upon new heights to government regulation, but also the great business leaders of this era defined theunits of political intervention. With political capitalism rising to fame, Progressive politics experienced new themes and areas. The inevitability of federal regulation policies, reformation of social welfare, conservation, and various innovations with banking led to one conservative effort: the preservation of existing powers and economic/social relations. The political leaders of this ear were conservative in that they all believed in the fundamentals of basic capitalism. The various forms of anti-trust legislation presented by each president made the nation one step closer to providing a stable, predictable, and secure, therefore, conservative capitalist society. Theodore Roosevelt’s statist tenden cies brought new meaning to government regulation. Roosevelt’s Anti-Trust policy of 1902 pledged government intervention to break up illegal monopolies and regulate corporations for the public good. Roosevelt felt that â€Å"bad† trusts threatened competition and markets. in order to restore free competition, President Roosevelt ordered the Justice department to prosecute corporations pursing monopolisticpractices. However, the Judicial Branch repudiated its duty (right of reason) and now, even if the impact of the market was not harmful, actions that restrained or monopolized trade would automatically put a firm in violation of theSherman law. In 1902, the United Mine Workers were willing to submit to arbitration, but the coal operators adamantly opposed any recognition of the union. Thus, the union members decided to strike over wages, safetyconditions, and union recognition. The Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902 ended with the appointment by Roosevelt of an arbitration commission to rule on the issues. Business men did not regard politics (government regulation) as a necessary evil, but as an important part of their position in society. Roosevelt did not see big business as evil, but a permanent development that was necessary in a modern economy. Roosevelt couldn’t rely on the courts to distinguish between â€Å"good† or â€Å"bad† trusts. The only solution was for the executive to assume that responsibility. Roosevelt’s ingenious â€Å"square dealings† and â€Å"gentlemen’s agreements† controlled many firms. In 1903, a new cabinet position was created to address the concerns of business and labor (Department of Commerce and Labor). Within the department, the Bureau of Corporations was empowered to investigate and report on illegal activities of corporations. The abuse of economic power by railroads proposed another problem for Roosevelt. However, in 1903,the Elkins Act empowered the ICC (Interstat e Commerce Commission, first American federal regulatory agency) to act against discriminatory rebates. Also, in 1906, the Hepburn Act increased the ICC membership from five to seven. The ICC could set its own fair freight rates, had its regulatory pwer extended over pipelines, bridges, and express companies, and was empowered to require a uniform system of accounting by regulated transportation companies. Besides economic relations, Roosevelt involved himself in many important conservative social relations. The Secretary of treasury created an inspection organization to certify that cattle for export were free of disease. With disappointing results, Germany and other European countries banned the importation of American meant. Federal regulation helped improve exports to Europe, free competition, another conservative effort. In 1906, the MeatInspection Act provided for federal and sanitary regulations and inspections in meant packing facilities. Also, the Pure Food and Drug .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef , .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .postImageUrl , .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef , .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef:hover , .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef:visited , .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef:active { border:0!important; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef:active , .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4d0a645dc1c38743e9fe4e101b599cef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: English Composition Essay

Bartleby Essay Example For Students

Bartleby Essay By MelvilleIn Herman Melvilles Bartleby the Scrivener, the author uses severalthemes to convey his ideas. The three most important themes are alienation,mans desire to have a free conscience, and mans desire to avoid conflict. Melville uses the actions of an eccentric scrivener named Bartleby, and theresponses of his cohorts, to show these underlying themes to the reader. Thefirst theme, alienation, is displayed best by Bartlebys actions. He has adivider put up so that the other scriveners cannot see him, while all of themhave desks out in the open so they are full view of each other, as well as thenarrator. This caused discourse with all of the others in the office. This isproven when Turkey exclaims, I think Ill just step behind his screen andblack his eyes for him.(p.2411) The other scriveners also felt alienated bythe actions of the narrator. His lack of resolve when dealing with Bartlebyangered them because they knew that if they would have taken the same actions,they would have been dismissed much more rapidly. The narrator admits to thiswhen he said, With any other man I should have flown outright into adreadful passion, scorned all further words, and thrust him ignominiously frommy presence. (240 9) The next theme is mans desire to avoid conflict. Thenarrator avoids conflict on several occasions. The first time Bartleby refusedto proofread a paper, the narrator simply had someone else do it instead ofconfronting him and resolving the issue right then. By ignoring the problem, heleft the door open for more disobedience. As expected, Bartleby continued torefuse to proofread and the narrator eventually gave up on asking him to do it. The narrator went to great lengths to avoid a confrontation. When Bartlebyrefused to leave the office after being fired, the narrator chose to move hisoffice to a different location instead of removing the eccentric man by force. The narrator informs the reader of this idea when he says, No more then. Since he will not quit me, I must quit him. I will change my offices. (2422)By doing so, the narrator displays just how far man is sometimes willing to goto avoid conflict. The final theme is mans desire to have a free conscience. Melville reveals this theme through the actions of the narrator as well as thenew tenants of the office. The narrator attempts to appease his conscience bygiving Bartleby money above his wages when he fired him. The new tenants of theoffice try to put the responsibility of dealing with Bartleby back on thenarrator, but they are denied and eventually have the man removed from thepremises by law officers. Herman Melville uses the actions and reactions of thecharacters in Bartleby the Scrivener to disclose three important themes,alienation, mans desire to avoid conflict, and mans desire to keep a freeconscience. In doing so, he gives us an inside look into the workings of thehuman mind. The reader is left with the impression that all people, includinglawyers, have compassion for other humans, and at some point, that compassionwill show through Biblio- Heath Anthology of American Lit., Third Edition, Vol I, Paul Lauter Ed.